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Biology

Twelve Standard >> Reproductive health | Part-2

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Reproductive health: Infertility and its Causes

 

Infertility can be a challenging road for couples desiring to conceive. Infertility treatments and their impact on reproductive health.

Infertility and its Causes:


Exploring the causes of infertility, including factors such as hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities, genetic factors, and lifestyle influences.
Understanding the emotional toll of infertility and the need for compassionate support.


Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) Overview:

Introducing ART as a collection of medical procedures and technologies designed to assist in achieving pregnancy.
Highlighting the various ART techniques, including IVF, GIFT, ZIFT, and IUI, which help overcome specific infertility challenges.


In Vitro Fertilization (IVF):

Detailing the IVF process, involving controlled ovarian stimulation to retrieve multiple eggs, fertilization in the laboratory, and subsequent embryo transfer.
Explaining how IVF addresses issues such as low sperm count, blocked fallopian tubes, or unexplained infertility.


Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) and Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT):

Discussing GIFT, where eggs and sperm are combined and directly placed into the fallopian tubes, allowing fertilization to occur naturally.
Contrasting GIFT with ZIFT, where fertilized embryos are transferred into the fallopian tubes for subsequent implantation.


Intrauterine Insemination (IUI):

Exploring IUI, a procedure involving the placement of washed and concentrated sperm directly into the uterus during ovulation.
Discussing how IUI improves the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy in cases of low sperm count or poor sperm motility.


Amniocentesis and Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT):

Introducing amniocentesis, a prenatal diagnostic procedure used to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus during pregnancy.
Relating PGT techniques, such as preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), which involves testing embryos for genetic disorders before implantation during ART procedures.


The Barr Body and Genetic Testing:

Describing the Barr body, an inactive X chromosome in female somatic cells, and its significance in sex determination and genetic testing.
Exploring the connection between the Barr body and certain genetic disorders.


Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP):

Addressing MTP, a medical procedure to terminate an unwanted pregnancy.
Discussing the legal aspects, methods, and considerations involved in MTP, emphasizing the importance of informed decision-making and comprehensive reproductive healthcare.

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