Properties of acid | Characteristics of acid

Characteristics of Acids

Definition: Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) in aqueous solutions. They usually taste sour and react with bases to produce salt and water .

Physical and Chemical Properties of Acids

• Acids have a sour taste ( e.g., lemon juice contains citric acid).
• They turn blue litmus paper red.
• Acids conduct electricity in aqueous solutions due to the presence of ions.
• They react with metals like zinc or magnesium to release hydrogen gas.
• When acids combine with bases, they undergo neutralization, resulting in the formation of salt and water.
• Concentrated acids are often corrosive in nature and must be handled with caution.

Examples of Common Acids

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) – found in vinegar
• Citric acid – found in citrus fruits

Acids are important in both chemistry and everyday life — they are involved in digestion, used in household cleaners, and widely applied in various industries.